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Chemical modifications of substituted groups, metal centers, and axial ligands on the porphyrinato metal complexes show various functionalities. Normal porphyrin complexes have sharp absorptions, around 400-500 nm, and the Q band around 500-700 nm which is a relatively weak absorption. Molar absorption coefficients of the Soret band are up to the order of 106 M/cm. The chlorophyll and porphyrinato zinc complexes hardly show energy relaxation of absorbed light, but easily show photoelectron transfer.
The porphyrin metal complexes are important in-vivo, because they are included in chlorophyll functioning photo absorption and photo electron transfer for photosynthesis, and also included in heme transporting oxygen in blood. In addition, porphyrinato metal complexes are useful for photoelectron functional materials, metal complex catalysts and molecular electrical conductors.